Sound Check

Sound Check is the iPod’s built-in volume normalization feature. It adjusts playback volume so that all tracks play at a similar perceived loudness, regardless of how they were mastered.

podkit reads existing normalization data from your source files and writes the appropriate Sound Check value to the iPod database during sync. No analysis or scanning step is required — if your files already have normalization tags, podkit will use them automatically.

This works with both directory and Subsonic collections. Navidrome and other OpenSubsonic-compatible servers expose ReplayGain data via the API, so podkit can extract Sound Check values without needing direct file access.

How It Works

Source Detection

podkit reads normalization data from standard audio metadata tags, in priority order:

Tag	Format	Description
iTunNORM	MP3 (ID3v2), M4A, FLAC	Native iTunes normalization values
ReplayGain track gain	All formats	Per-track gain adjustment in dB
ReplayGain album gain	All formats	Per-album gain adjustment in dB (fallback)

If a track has both iTunNORM and ReplayGain tags, iTunNORM takes priority since it is the native format the iPod firmware expects.

Conversion

The Sound Check value stored in the iPod database is a guint32 that represents a gain multiplier:

1000 = unity gain (0 dB, no adjustment)
> 1000 = reduce volume (loud track)
< 1000 = increase volume (quiet track)

ReplayGain values are converted using the formula: 1000 × 10^(gain_dB / −10)

Sync Behavior

Tracks with normalization data: Sound Check value is written to the iPod database
Tracks without normalization data: Sound Check is set to 0 (no adjustment)
The --dry-run output shows how many tracks have normalization data

Viewing Sound Check Values

Summary stats

By default, podkit device music and podkit collection music show a stats summary. When any tracks have Sound Check data, the summary includes a coverage line showing the count and percentage:

Music on MYIPOD:
  Tracks:  650
  Albums:  42
  Artists: 28
  Sound Check: 620 (95%)

If some tracks have Sound Check data but coverage is not 100%, a tip is shown with a link back to this page:

Tips:
  Some tracks are missing Sound Check data. Add normalization tags for consistent volume.
  See: https://jvgomg.github.io/podkit/user-guide/syncing/sound-check/

Dry run output

When running podkit sync --dry-run, the output includes a Sound Check line showing how many tracks have normalization data:

Changes:
  Tracks to add: 150
    - Transcode: 120
    - Copy: 30
  Already synced: 500

Estimates:
  Size: 1.2 GB
  Time: ~12:30
  Sound Check: 142/150 tracks have normalization data

Verbose mode

Use -v to see a breakdown of which normalization tag formats were found in a collection:

podkit collection music -v

Music in collection 'main':
  Source: directory (/Volumes/Music/FLAC)

  Tracks:  650
  Albums:  42
  Artists: 28
  Sound Check: 620 (95%)
    iTunNORM            380
    ReplayGain (track)  200
    ReplayGain (album)   40

The source breakdown is only available for collections (not devices), since the iPod database stores only the final Sound Check value without recording which tag format it came from.

The available sources depend on the adapter:

Adapter	Available sources
directory	iTunNORM, ReplayGain (track), ReplayGain (album)
subsonic	ReplayGain (track), ReplayGain (album)

Per-track values

Use --tracks --fields to see individual Sound Check values:

podkit device music --tracks --fields title,artist,soundcheck
podkit collection music --tracks --fields title,artist,soundcheck

Or in JSON format:

podkit device music --tracks --format json

Tracks without ReplayGain or iTunNORM tags will show an empty soundcheck field.

Adding Normalization Data to Your Files

If your source files don’t have ReplayGain or iTunNORM tags, you can add them with these tools:

loudgain (recommended for ReplayGain)

# Scan a single album
loudgain -s e *.flac

# Scan recursively
find /music -name "*.flac" -exec loudgain -s e {} +

foobar2000 (Windows)

Select tracks → Right-click → ReplayGain → Scan per-file track gain
For album gain: select all tracks in an album → Scan as a single album

beets

# Enable the replaygain plugin in config.yaml
# plugins: replaygain

# Then import or update
beet replaygain

iTunes / Apple Music

iTunes automatically writes iTunNORM tags when you enable Sound Check in preferences. These tags are embedded in the file and will be read by podkit.